國一上學期入門單元 × 名詞、代名詞、指示詞、冠詞、be 動詞、疑問詞、形容詞全掃描
| 對象 | 尊稱 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| 男性 | Mr. +(名)+姓 sir(單獨使用,句中不大寫) | Mr. (Josh) Smith I'm sorry, sir. |
| 女性 | Miss +(名)+姓(未婚) Mrs. +夫姓(已婚) Ms. +(名)+姓(已/未婚皆可) ma'am / madam(單獨使用) | Miss (Linda) Wang Mrs. Peterson Ms. (Alice) Fox Thank you, ma'am. |
| 情境 | 對話 | 說明 |
|---|---|---|
| 初次見面 | A: Nice to meet you. B: Nice to meet you, too. A: How do you do? B: How do you do? | =很高興認識你 / 幸會幸會 |
| 日常打招呼 | A: Hi, Jennifer. B: Hello, Andy. | 依時段:Good morning / afternoon / evening / night |
| 問候(正式) | How are you (doing)? / How's everything? | B: Great. / I'm fine, thank you. How about you? |
| 問候(不正式) | How's it going? / What's up? | B: Not bad. / Never better. |
| 再次見面 | A: Nice to see you again. B: Good to see you, too. | =很高興又見到你 |
| 道別 | Good-bye. / Bye. / See you. So long. | So long = 長時間不會再見面 |
| 第一人稱單/複 | 第二人稱單/複 | 第三人稱單/複 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 主格 | I / we | you / you | he,she,it / they |
| 受格 | me / us | you / you | him,her,it / them |
| 所有格 | my / our | your / your | his,her,its / their |
| 用法 | 說明 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| 主格 | 為句子的主詞 | We all like the videos on Netflix. |
| 受格 | 為及物動詞或介系詞的受詞 | Don't worry about them. |
| 所有格 | 表「某人的」,須置於名詞前,不可單獨使用 | This is not my notebook. |
| 近(距離說話者近) | 遠(距離說話者遠) | |
|---|---|---|
| 單數 | this | that |
| 複數 | these | those |
| 冠詞 | 使用規則 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| a | +子音開頭單字(含 u 發 /ju/ 音) | a bell、a book、a uniform、a university |
| an | +母音開頭單字(含 h 不發音) | an egg、an eraser、an umbrella、an hour |
| the | 特定單數/複數名詞、特定專有名詞(山脈、河流等無可取代者) | the Alps、the River Thames、the tigers、the man at the door |
| 第一人稱 | 第二人稱 | 第三人稱 / 其他名詞 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 單數 | I am | you are | he/she/it/this/that is;單數名詞 is |
| 複數 | we are | you are | they/these/those are;複數名詞 are |
| 句型 | 結構 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| 肯定句 | 主詞+be動詞+… | Our English teacher is from Canada. |
| 否定句 | 主詞+be動詞+not+… | Sorry, but you're not my type. |
| Yes/No 疑問句 | Be動詞+主詞…? | A: Are these your glasses? B: Yes, they are. / No, they aren't. |
| 類型 | 疑問詞 | 用法重點 |
|---|---|---|
| 疑問代名詞 | who(主格)/ whose(所有格)/ who,whom(受格) | 問「人」 |
| 疑問代名詞 | which(主/受格皆同形) | 在限定範圍內選擇 |
| 疑問代名詞 | what(主/受格皆同形) | 開放式選擇,不限主題範圍 |
| 疑問副詞 | when / where / why / how | 何時 / 何地 / 為何 / 多久・如何 |
| 用法 | 結構 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| 形容詞+名詞 | 直接放在名詞前修飾 | I am a helpful person. |
| 作為補語 | 補充說明主詞的狀況 | I feel excited to help the old woman. |
| 限定詞搭配 | 結構 | 範例 |
|---|---|---|
| 單數可數 | a/an/one、the/this/that、所有格/every/each + 單數名詞 | a book、the boy、each student |
| 複數可數 | the/these/those、所有格 + 複數名詞(也可單獨使用) | these books、my parents |
| 複數變化規則 | 單字範例 |
|---|---|
| 直接加 -s | month → months;present → presents |
| s/z/x/sh/ch/o + -es | watch → watches;tomato → tomatoes |
| 子音+y → 去y加ies | city → cities;fry → fries |
| f/fe → 去f/fe加ves | knife → knives;wife → wives |
| 單複數同形 | fish → fish;deer → deer;sheep → sheep;Taiwanese → Taiwanese |
| 不規則變化 | man → men;woman → women;child → children;foot → feet;mouse → mice;tooth → teeth;ox → oxen;goose → geese |
| 類型 | 句型 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| 一般動詞肯定句 | 原形動詞…(, please)/(Please) 原形動詞… | Open the door for me, please. Please sign your name here. |
| 一般動詞否定句 | Don't 原形動詞…, please/Please don't 原形動詞… | Don't do that again, please. Jack, please don't laugh at others. |
| be 動詞肯定句 | Be+形容詞/名詞 | Please be a green person, Jack. |
| be 動詞否定句 | Don't be+形容詞/名詞 | Don't be so angry with him. |
| Let's 句型 | Let's+原形動詞…/Let's not+原形動詞… | Let's be kind to old people. Let's not make our parents worried. |
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